1,4-butanediol Uses and Preparation Methods:

Physical and Chemical Properties:

1,4-butanediol Uses and Preparation Methods. 1,4-Butanediol is a colorless oily liquid, flammable, soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and polyether, polyester polyols, slightly soluble in ether, immiscible with aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.

1,4-Butanediol Production Method:

There are more than 20 production methods for 1,4-butanediol. But only 5 to 6 are truly industrialized. At present, the main industrialized methods include modified Reppe method, maleic anhydride hydrogenation method, maleic anhydride esterification hydrogenation method, and cyclic Oxypropane method and butadiene method.

It was first developed by German Reppe in the 1930s to synthesize 1,4-butynediol with acetylene and formaldehyde as raw materials. And then catalytic hydrogenation to synthesize 1,4-butanediol. Companies such as BASF, ISP, and Dupont have been using this method. The current domestic production companies mostly use the acetylene method.
In the 1970s, Japan’s Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation successfully developed a butadiene acetoxy process route using butadiene and acetic acid as raw materials. And built several production facilities in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and other places.

After that, Japan’s Tokuyama Soda Company successfully developed and industrialized the butadiene chlorination method. Then chlorinated butadiene in the gas phase at 260-300°C to produce 3,4-dichlorobutene-1 and 1, 4-Dichlorobutene-2. The former is used to produce chloroprene rubber, and the latter is hydrolyzed to produce 1,4-butanediol.
The British Davy (now Kvaerner) company has developed a maleic anhydride esterification hydrogenation method. First, maleic anhydride and monoalcohol are esterified to produce maleic acid diester. And then catalytic hydrogenation is carried out at 150～240℃ and 2.5～5MPa. 1,4-Butanediol is obtained. Shandong Shengli Oilfield Petrochemical Co., Ltd. introduced the technology of 1,4-butanediol production by the esterification and hydrogenation of maleic anhydride from British Davy Company.

Another hydrogenation process using maleic anhydride as a raw material was developed by Mitsubishi Corporation of Japan. First, in the presence of Ni-Re catalyst, the reaction pressure is 0.08MPa. And the reaction temperature is about 260°C. Maleic anhydride is hydrogenated to produce Y-butyrolactone. And tetrahydrofuran, and then using K2O as a co-catalyst molybdenum chromium catalyst, the Y-butyrolactone is catalytically hydrogenated to produce 1,4-butanediol at 10Mpa and 250°C. The main advantage of this method is that it is in the reaction process. The important fine chemicals tetrahydrofuran and Y-butyrolactone can be obtained.

1,4-butanediol Uses and Preparation Methods

Japan Kuraray Company and American Arco Company have developed a method to produce 1,4-butanediol using propylene oxide as a raw material. First, propylene oxide is isomerized to produce allyl alcohol. Allyl alcohol is under the action of rhodium-based catalysts. Liquid phase hydroformylation to generate 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde. Then hydrogenation to generate 1,4-butanediol.
In the 1990s, American Lyondell (formerly Arco Chemical Company) successfully developed an allyl alcohol production process using propylene oxide as a raw material. And built a 50,000-ton/year production facility in Texas, USA, and Dalian Chemical Industry in Taiwan The company’s 130,000-ton butanediol plant uses the allyl alcohol method.

In the 1990s, British BP and German Lurgi Co., Ltd. successfully developed a Geminox process using C4 distillate as raw material. That is, n-butane was first oxidized to maleic anhydride, then hydrated to maleic acid, and 1,4-butane was obtained by hydrogenation. Diol simplifies the process, reduces production costs, and is more competitive.

1,4-Butanediol Uses:

1,4-Butanediol is a basic chemical and fine chemical raw material. It is widely used in the production of PBT engineering plastics and fibers, and synthesizes tetrahydrofuran (THF) and polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG, polymerized from THF). , Polyether high-performance elastomers and spandex elastic fibers (synthesized by PTMEG and diisocyanate, etc.), unsaturated polyester resins, polyester polyols, butanediol ether solvents, and the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. 1,4-Butanediol can also be used to produce N-methylpyrrolidone, adipic acid, acetal, maleic anhydride, 1,3-butadiene, etc.

The downstream product of 1,4-butanediol, Y-butyrolactone, is the raw material for the production of 2-pyrrolidone and N-methylpyrrolidone, from which a series of high value-added products such as vinylpyrrolidone and polyvinylpyrrolidone are derived. It is widely used in the fields of pesticides, medicine and cosmetics.
In the field of polyurethane, in addition to the synthesis of polytetrahydrofuran polyol, it is mainly used to synthesize polyester diol and as a chain extender for elastomers and microporous polyurethane shoe materials. Polybutylene adipate-based polyurethane has good crystallinity. Sex.

Toxicity:

Low toxicity, acute oral toxicity LD50=1500～1780mg/kg in rats, LD50>2000mg/kg percutaneous absorption toxicity in rabbits.